A recent study has uncovered a significant association between psoriasis, an inflammatory skin condition, and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), highlighting the potential overlap between dermatological and psychiatric conditions. The research indicates that individuals with psoriasis have a 1.5-fold increased likelihood of being diagnosed with OCD.
Jeffrey Cohen, MD, an assistant professor of dermatology and the principal investigator of the study, emphasizes the importance of recognizing this connection. “We’re interested in the overlap between psychiatric disease and inflammatory skin disease,” Cohen notes. “There may be opportunities for dermatologists to identify potential mental health disorders in their patients, allowing for appropriate referrals to mental health professionals.”
Possible Explanations for the Link
Several factors may explain the relationship between psoriasis and OCD:
Symptoms and Compulsions: Chronic itching, sleep disturbances, and visible disfigurement from psoriasis might increase the risk of developing OCD. Conversely, behaviors commonly associated with OCD, such as excessive bathing or handwashing, could aggravate psoriasis symptoms.
Inflammation: Both psoriasis and OCD are linked to elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-α) involved in the immune response. Cohen suggests that this shared inflammatory pathway could be a key factor in their association. Additionally, genetic evidence shows that relatives of people with OCD are more likely to have immune-mediated diseases like psoriasis.
New Findings in American Adults
While previous studies have identified similar associations in Taiwanese and Swedish populations, this research provides the first evidence of the psoriasis-OCD link in American adults. The study utilized the All of Us database, which collects diverse health information from U.S. patients, offering a broad and underrepresented data pool.
“It remains a really great database to use for this because it has information about a lot of people from diverse groups across the United States, and the data that’s there is quite powerful,” Cohen says.
Implications for Dermatology Practice
Cohen’s research highlights the growing evidence of connections between skin conditions and mental health. Despite this, mental health considerations are often overlooked in dermatology. “In dermatology, we’re not that great at asking about certain mental health disorders that may be relevant,” Cohen admits.
By increasing awareness of such research, dermatologists can better identify patients who may be at risk for mental health conditions and facilitate early intervention. Cohen advocates for integrating mental health evaluations into dermatological care to provide comprehensive treatment for both skin and psychological health.
“As medical professionals who often have frequent contact with their patients, dermatologists are well positioned to identify potential mental health concerns early on,” Cohen concludes. “Increasing awareness around these findings will be key for improving patient outcomes and bridging the gap between dermatology and mental health.”
This study underscores the importance of interdisciplinary approaches in healthcare, promoting a holistic view of patient well-being that addresses both physical and mental health needs.
