A recent study has highlighted a concerning association between early menopause and increased breast cancer risk among women. Conducted by researchers from the University of Utah School of Medicine, the study focused on women with primary ovarian insufficiency (POI), a condition marked by premature ovarian dysfunction leading to early menopause.
According to the findings, women who experienced menopause before the age of 46 were nearly twice as likely to develop breast cancer compared to those who underwent menopause later. Dr. Corrine Welt, senior researcher and endocrinologist at the University of Utah, emphasized that POI not only predisposes women to conditions like osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease but also appears to elevate their risk for cancer.
The study, analyzing medical records spanning from 1995 to 2021 from major health systems in Utah, identified 613 cases of POI and 165 cases of early menopause. Researchers cross-referenced these cases with the Utah Cancer Registry, revealing a significantly heightened incidence of breast cancer among women with early menopause compared to the general population.
Moreover, the research unveiled a familial predisposition to cancer among relatives of women with POI. Second-degree relatives such as aunts, uncles, and nieces exhibited a 30% higher risk of breast cancer and a 50% increased risk of colon cancer. A broader spectrum of first-, second-, and third-degree relatives showed a 30% to 60% higher risk of prostate cancer.
The study delved further into genetic factors, examining DNA samples from six women with POI and identifying unusual variations in genes responsible for cellular health maintenance. These genetic abnormalities may compromise ovarian function and potentially contribute to the uncontrolled cell growth characteristic of cancer.
As a precautionary measure, the researchers recommended enhanced cancer screening for women with POI or early menopause. They also suggested considering infertility testing and additional cancer screenings for their relatives to mitigate potential risks associated with these conditions.
The implications of this study underscore the importance of early detection and proactive health management strategies for women affected by POI or early menopause, as well as vigilance in monitoring their relatives’ health.
