Platelet count and associated indices like mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) are crucial biomarkers in diagnosing and managing thrombocytopenia during pregnancy. This study aimed to assess the impact of thrombocytopenia and abnormal platelet indices on maternal and fetal outcomes.
Material and Methods:
Conducted at a tertiary care center in New Delhi from July 2022 to December 2023, this retrospective study enrolled pregnant women aged 18-40 years with a gestational period >28 weeks and thrombocytopenia or abnormal platelet indices. Exclusions included pancytopenia, bone marrow suppression, and current or past SARS-CoV-2 infection. The sample size of 150 was calculated based on previous literature and power analysis. Participants were categorized into mild, moderate, and severe thrombocytopenia groups. Maternal risk factors and outcomes, as well as neonatal outcomes, were analyzed. Platelet indices were correlated with thrombocytopenia severity.
Results:
The mean age of participants was 25.33 ± 2.90 years, with most residing in rural areas. The majority were primiparous (59.3%) and delivered at term (38 weeks). Moderate thrombocytopenia was most prevalent (64.7%), followed by mild (24.7%) and severe (10.7%) thrombocytopenia. Severe thrombocytopenia was significantly associated with fever (p=0.031) and anemia (p
Conclusion: In conclusion, severe thrombocytopenia in pregnancy is associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, including anemia, fetal growth restriction, abnormal liquor volume, and the need for blood and platelet transfusions. Platelet indices like PDW and MPV play a crucial role in predicting these outcomes, emphasizing the importance of regular monitoring and timely intervention. Larger studies are needed to validate these findings and improve feto-maternal care in thrombocytopenic pregnancies.
